Hydraulic jack



J. J. MUELLER HYDRAULIC JACK Oct. 31, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed NOV.29, 1945 1| F ,fx w. J

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L/ae'/ LVM/Jer Filed Nov. 29, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 45135 5@ 74 zg, gm

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Patented Oct. 31, 1950 UNITED STAT-ES PATENT OFFlClE.`

HYDRAULIC JACK Joseph J. Mueller, St. Joseph, Mich., assigner to AutoSpecialties Manufacturing Company, St. Joseph, Mich., a corporation ofMichigan Application November 29, 1945, Serial No. V631,710

' support and wherein the-jack has a vertically adjustable load carryingmember which may be inserted preferably under the bracket which supportsthe bumper andl which jack includes hydraulic mechanism manuallyoperable vfrom a position at the upper end of the jack and consequentlysubstantially Waist-high of the operator, whereby the load carryingmember of the jack may be quickly elevated to lift the deflated tire asuicent distance whereby the rim of .the tire will clear the ground topermit the tire to be removed.

Another object of the invention resides in providing, in the above kindofjack, a load carrying member which is freely slidable vertically alonga tubular vertically adjustable supporting mechanism by simply cantingthe load support to a released position whereby it may be shiftedeithervertically upwardly or downwardly, and wherein the load supportincludes a construction such that the load will normally vcant the loadsupport inan opposite direction,Y causing'it firmly to grip and maintainitself in any such adjustable load supporting position.

Another object of the invention resides in providing a bumper jack ofthe above type which has an upstanding ystationary round bar ofconsiderable height and a surrounding sleeve `hydraulically shiftablevertically therealong .and forming a ram cylinder at its upper end andlike- Wise carrying at its upper end a casting-like head having formedat itstop an oil containing reservoir, the casting or head beingvprovided with two main borings extending transversely thereto in adirection longitudinally of the sleeve, one of which borings receives ahigh pressure pump piston reciprocable by a hand operated oscillatablehandle mounted at the upper end of the jack, and the other boringproviding the valve seats and including a valve thereon cohtrolling thepassage of liquidfrom the reservoir to the pump and Vfrom the pump totheram cylinder, and this same boring also including a pres.- sure releasevalve for releasing liquid from the ram cylinder back 'to the reservoir,.the pressure release valve being operable in this last mentioned boringand froma point at vthe upper end of the jack. f

Yet another object of theinvention is to provide a bumperjack'm'echanismhaving a Vbase Yand ing member, vand the sleeve'havingmounted on an upstanding elongated rod of considerabley length mountedon the base, said rod actingas a stationary piston and having anelongated, concentrically surrounding sleeve functioning as a ramcylinder, the sleeve carrying the load liftits -upper end a casting orhead carrying a topmost liquid reservoir, the casting including twomajor bores, each disposed transversely to the longitudinal axis of thesleeve, one of the bores having a high pressure pump, cylindrical sleevemounted therein and including an actuatable piston reciprocable in thesleeve and operated from a point at the top of the jack, and the otherbore being provided with a plurality ofV valve seats seating thereon andcontrolling passages formed in the casting interconnecting the reservoirand the ram cylinder andthe high pressure pump piston, this lastmentioned borelikewise including a perforated sleeve receivingtherethrough a release valve operable from the out-f side of thecastingat the top of the jack, VVand which release valve controls the passageof liquid fromrthe ram cylinder to said last mentioned bore totherelease Valve and through a passage in the casting back to the reservoirby means Vof which arrangement both the high pressure pump and therelease valve are actuatable from the top of the jack at substantiallywaist level of the operator, and whereby also the casting is providedwith a minimum number of borings, and whereby the reservoir at the topof the jack is free of any release valve mechanism or any high pressurepump mechanism. Yet another object of the invention is to provide animproved type of load support for holding the bumper of an automobile insuch a manner 'that the bumper is rather tightly gripped and the loadsupporting member adjusts 'itself to various types of bumpers in amanner toV cause them to be properly lifted during the operation of thehydraulic lifting mechanism.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a pivotally mountedload support havingva more or less V-shaped socket wherein oney ofthewalls forming the V-'shaped socket and tnel op'- posite wall beingrelatively longerY and being/preferably concave to .provide an upperbumper contacting portion which in combination with the pivotal mountingof the load lifting member provides a universally adjustable load`lifter which automatically adjusts itself vto various types of bumperswhereby the same may be efficiently lifted.- Y

Another Vobject of Athe invention resides inpro- `viding a load liftingmember which is adapted to slide vertically upon a smooth surfacedupright bar which embraces the bar and which is slightly tiltable inopposite directions whereby either to grip or release from the bar sothat the load lifter may be adjustably slid longitudinally of the bar oralternatively may grip the bar to remain in stationary adjustedposition.

Yet another object of the invention resides in providing a new type ofload rest for a bumper jack wherein the load rest swivels around apivotal pin so that it will follow the contour of any type of bumperwhen applied thereto, and so also that when the weight is applied uponthe load lift the load lift will be lixed in preadjustable position witha firmer grip.

Yet another object of the invention resides in providing a load liftingmember having a slot and a link chain depending therefrom carrying ahook on its lower end` and whereby also spring mechanism is provided inconnection with a pvotally mounted load support for maintaining it inupward position while at the same time permitting it to be swungdownwardly.

These and other 'objects of the invention will be apparent from aperusal of the following specification when taken in connection with thaccompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a iront view partially in section;

Figure 2 is a side view;

Figure 3 is a vertical section taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 1; Y

Figure 4 is a plan section taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 3 Figure 5 isan enlarged view, partly in section,l

of a canted position of the load lifting member; and

Figure 6 is a detailed view of the load support in adjusted positionwith the Imimper B supported thereon and showing the load supportslightly lowered about the pivotal pin I'IE.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the jack shown in Figure 1comprises a base 2 which may be of sheet metal and provided with acentral opening 4 in which is xedly positioned a center support 6provided with a well 8 having an opening therethrough to receive thebase of an upright elongated round rod I2 which is adapted preferably tomake a friction-tight t in the socket member 8 whereby to hold the rodor strut I2 in vertically disposed upright position. This strut I2constitutes the stationary ram of an hydraulic unit. Concentricallysurrounding this ram is an elongated sleeve I4 of considerable length.This sleeve comprises the ram cylinder of the jack. Its bottom end iscupped to a larger diameter as at I6 and internally threaded as at I 8to receive a ring-like ferrule 20 likewise internally threaded to engagethe internal threads I 6 .whereby to close the end of the sleeve I4.This ferrule 28 thus confines a packing 22 snugly around the innerdiameter of the sleeve enlargement I6 and about the circumference of thestavtionary ram I2 while at the same time permit- 4ting the sleeve toshift lengthwise of this rod I2. The sleeve I4 is preferably providedwith anannular indent 24.

The upper end of the sleeve I4 is threaded as at 26 threadedly toconnect with the casting-like head 28, see Figure 3, which is preferablycircular. This head 28 is provided with a depending shoulder 3l)internally threaded to engage the threads 26 of the upper end of the ramcylinder sleeve I4 whereby the head and the upper end of the ramcylinder sleeve I4 are xedly united to- 4 gether. This casting or headis likewise provided with an annular shoulder 32 adapted to form a seatfor an elongated sleeve-like tube 34. The upper end of this tube isadapted to seat in an annular shoulder 36 in a relatively rugged andrigid casting or head 38 which is provided on its top surface with anannular roughened or serrated load receiving portion 40. In addition,the head is bored as at 42 and the walls of the bore are threaded as at44 to receive the threaded end 46 of a rod 48 of relatively largediameter to pro- Avide a supporting strut for the cap 38. The bottomportion of this rod or strut 48 is threaded as at 54 `to threadedlyengage internal threads of a circularly disposed bore 56 formed in theupper surface 58 of the casting or head 28. Through `the instrumentalityof the rod 48 the reservoir sleeve 34 is tightly clamped against theshoulders 36 and 32 of the cap 38 and the head or castingr28, thusforming a reservoir space 68 and providing a load holding surface 48 atthe top of the jack. It will be noted that there are no obstructions atthe top of this annular cap so that it is free to act as a load supportand constitutes the uppermost portion of the jack.

The casting or head 28 is compactly utilized as a means `for housing andconnecting a high pressurepump, also as a means for housing the valvesand the release valve mechanism which interconnects the reservoir, theram cylinder and the high pressure pump cylinder, and it is done in amanner such that the cap 38 of the reservoir which forms the top of thejack may be utilized as a load lifting member. In order to accomplishthis, the top of the cap must be free of any lupward extension such asrelease valves or high pressure pump cylinder, or any other projectionswhich would prevent the load resting thereon. InA the present instancethe casting or head 28 is provided with a radially extending bore 62 theexternal walls of which are threaded as at 64. This bore extends onlypart way inwardly radially of the casting but its outer end extends andconnects with the outer Wall of the casting. A high pressure pumpcylinder in the form of a sleeve 66 having externally threaded walls 68screws into the threaded portion 64 so that the high pressure pumpcylinder is rigidly mounted upon this head or casting 28 and extendsradially outwardly thereof at substantially a 90 angle thereto. Theouter end of this sleeve 66 is likewise provided with threads ,'Ill overwhich screws an apertured cap I2 which confines packing 'I4 against theouter walls of a high pressure pump piston 'I6 that reciprocates in thiscylinder. The inner end of the piston is provided with the usual type ofliquid packing 18, as is well known in the art. The outer end of thepiston is provided with a cross pin which also passes `throughregistering apertures in the furcations 82 and 84 of a handle socket 86pivoted as at 88 to a post 90 mounted at 92 on a threaded plug 84 thatthreads into an opening formed in the casting or head 28. The handlesocket 8E is provided with a socket aperf ture 96 which receives ahandle 98. This handle is slotted as at |00 to enga-ge a pin I 02 formedinthe socket of the sleeve 96 so that the handle may be pulledoutwardly, as shown in vertical position in Figure 1, where it may liesubstantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the sleeve I4, orby pushing inwardly, as shown in dotted line position, it will enter thesocketSS of the handle and be operative to form a rigid 'osc'illatablemember for oscillating ythe handle .c effige-,8411" ing the high'pressure' pump piston 16.

In addition, the casting-or'head' 28` isformedv with a second main borewhich is formed in a' series of steps. This bore has a relativelylargerdiametered portion |04 which terminates at the outer wall |06 of thehead and this portion of the bore |04 is threaded. In addition there'isa"sli`ghtly smaller diametered portion |08 which is'untlireaded. Thisportion terminates in a seat ||0, hereinafter referred to, which mergesinto a smaller diametered portion l|2 in turn terminating in a conicalseat ||4 and connecting with a still smaller diametered portion i8 whichlikewise has a conical seat ||8 andr which connects' with the smallestdiameter 'of this second main bore, such as |20. The smaller portiono`f'this main bore connects by means of a liquidpassage |22 with thereservoir, see Figure'3.v In addition there is a bore |24, see Figure 4,which connects the inner bore 62 of the high pressure pump cylinder withthe bored portionfl |-6 of the main bore, hereinbefore described.A'b'all valve |26 normally seats upon the valve seat ||8. A second ballvalve |28 normally seats upon a conical seat H4, and a bore |30 connectsthat part ||2 of the main bore with the ram cylinder chamber |32. Inaddition, a cylindrical sleeve |34 lies in the bored portion |08 of themain bore and snugly ts therein. The end of this sleeve has a centralaperture |36 therethrough which communicates with the bored Vportion l2.The end of the sleeve is provided witha conical outer wall |38whichnormally seats upon the conical seat H0 of the main bore and there is ahole |40 formed through the wall of the sleeve |34, which holecommunicates with a conduit |42 which connects with the reservoir 60. Inaddition there is an annular groove |44 in the sleeve. The sleeve |34 isheldin position by means of a liquid-tight packing, which packing isheld in place by means of a ring nut |48A having external threadsengaging the kthreads |04 of the main portion of the bore. The outer endof the ring nut |48 is hexagonal as at |50 so that it may be turned totighten the same. The inner walls of this nut |48 are internallythreadedas at |52 to engage Vexterior.threads |54 on a release valveplunger |56 the outer end of which carries a capl |58 provided witharing |60 for turning the same. The shank |62'of` this release valve isprovided with a conical end or point which seats upon a conical seat |64and thereby closes ofi the portY |36 inthe sleeve |88'. This shankmember |82 is the release valve, and when it is backedoff its seat |64by means of the threads |54 thereof engaging the threads |56 formedinternally` of the apertured nut |48, a connection is made between theram cylinder chamber |32, the port |30, the port I2, the small port |36,the hole |40 in the sleeve |34, the port |42, and thence to thereservoir," s'o that liquid in the ram cylinder |32 can return to thereservoir 60.

It will thus be seen that by providing a single bore'extending from theoutside face of the casting 28 inwardly and preferably diametrally of,afn'dlying in the axis of the port |30'connecting with the ram cylinder|32, I am enabled to not high pressure pump. Likewise I am enabledto"utilizeJ this same .bore as ay meansfor/enclosingv4 the'pressurefrelease" valve' Particularly"am" enabled by the use-'of the'sleeveiinserted in'k the outer end of the` enlarged portion of this bore andheld therein by means of the stationary nut |48, to provdethis releasevalve with means whereby it may be opened and closedA with'respect toits valve seat so thatY liquid may bev passed in a controllable amountfrom the ram cylinder chamber |32 back to the reservoir, and also bymeans of this insertable sleeve |34 I am enabled to utilize theooncentrically within disposed release valve- |62 so as to passrelatively smaller volumes of liquid back from the ramcylinder to thereservoir during the relieving operation so as kto cause the loadsupporting ram cylinder t0 descend under the weight of the load.

With respect to an additional load supporting means for the jack, thatis, in addition to the load supporting means 40 formed at the top of thejack andv located directly coaxial with the longitudinal axis of thejack, I provide a supplemental or additional load support membercomprising `the elongated sleeve-likesaddle or bracket |66 having acentral aperture and suitably formedY to provide a shoulder or bitingjaw |58y andan oppositely disposed shoulder or biting jaw |10 which isspaced below the locus of the jaw i68 asshown by the dotted lines inFigure l'. It willy be noted that at |12 and also at |14 on oppositesides of the vinternal bore Yof the saddleV |86 the inner wall thereofis cut out so as to compel thejaw portions |68 and |10 to be relativelycloseVv 'together on opposite sides of the sleeve i4 whereby when thesleeve is canted to the positionsh'own` in Figure 5, `the jaw members|10 vand' |68 are' shifted laterally so that they do not engage the:

, horizontal pin passing through a pair of spacedears in the saddlesupport and a coil springV surrounds the pin |16 betweenthese ears. OneVend of the coil spring takes against the under side of the load support|80 as shown in Figure 1,y

and the other end of the coil spring takes against the ring bracket |86,whereby normally resiliently to maintain the load support |80 insubstantially horizontal position as shown in FigureA 1, by means ofwhich resilient pivotal mounting the load support |80 may pivotallyswing down'-v wardly to a position such as shownin Figure 6 which showsthe bumper B in position supported in the load support with the lowerportion of the bumper disposed in the indent or bottom of the V formedby the load support and with the convex wall of the bumper B contactingthe upper portion of the load support. To this end the load support |80is provided with a shorter wall |18 and an opposed longer upstandingwall which is generally concave and which at itsupper end terminates ina wall or top portion |84' which is adapted to Contact the 'outer'wallof the bumper .as shown in Figure 6. The bottom, of the pocket formed inthe load support |80 between the walls |18 and |83 is shown at. |18. andit at this portion |19' that the bottonibf 7 thebumpei" rests whensupported by the load support.- By means of this construction the loadsupport may shift pvotally about the pin |16,

and due to the V-shaped construction of thisA load support it willautomatically accommodate itself to various types of bumpers in a mannersuch that any particular bumper will be rigidly held with its lowerportion in the indent |19 and its upper portion contacting the upperwall portion |84 of the bumper, thereby rigidly holding the bumper inadjusted position with respect to the load support and the jack duringthe lifting operation. It will also be seen that the ring |66 may beshifted in a horizontal plane around the vertical axis of the sleeve|4`to accommodate the jack to the bumper of the automobile in variouspositions of the base of the jack 2 in respect to the ground and to thebumper to be lifted.

The saddle support |68 is provided with a slot and an apertured linkmember |88 to which is connected another depending link |88 or a seriesof links terminating in a hook |98 which may be utilized for wrappingaround and attending and hooking to any desired object upon which it maybe desired to exert an upward lift.

As is Well known in the art, upon a. reciprocation of the hand operatedhigh pressure pump piston 16, the liquid will be sent from the reservoirV[il] through the port |22 pastv the ball valve |26, thence laterallythrough the port |24, see Figure 4, into the high pressure pump piston.Upon the reverse movement of this piston in a direction towards the axis|30, this liquid will be expelled through the passage |24, thence intopassageway ||8, thence past the ball valve |28, to the ram cylinderconduit |30, into the ram cylinder to raise the ram cylinder.

When it is desired to relieve the ram cylinder, the release valve |62 isbacked off by unscrewing the threaded portion |54 thereof from theinternal threads |52 without disturbing the nut |48, whereupon theliquid will cw from the ram cylinder through passage 38, throughpassages ||2, passages |36 in the sleeve, past the now open valve seat|64, through the opening |40 in the Sleeve, through the passage |42,back to the reservoir 68.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that I have produced a bumperjack which has hydraulic mechanism disposed at the upper portion of thejack substantially above the bumper, and wherein the high pressure pumppiston is located at an upper portion of the jack but not at the top ofthe jack, and includes a handle member 98 which may be utilized byoscillation to reciprocate the high pressure pump piston 1S to raise theram cylinder H4, thereby elevating either of the load carrying members48 at the uppermost portion of the jack, or the load carrying saddle|18.

It will be apparent that by the arrangement of the casting 28 carryingthe two main bores, one for the high pressure pump piston, and the otherfor the release valve and the valve mechanism which controls the passageof the liquid from the reservoir to the pump piston'and from the pumppiston to the ram cylinder, and the release passage from the ramcylinder back toY the unobstructed top Vof the jack, whereby it may beutilized to lift a load to the maximum height, or alternatively I amenabled to utilize the adjustable load saddle |66 which is adjustablymounted vertically of the lower portion of the ram cylinder sleeve I4.

- It will also be apparent that by means of the simple construction ofthe sleeve or collar-like saddle support |66 havingthe opposed jaws orbiting surfaces |68 and |18 I am enabled to provide these so that bycanting the saddle to the position shown in Figure 5, when no load ison, the saddle may be adjusted up or down to a desired position and thenshifted laterally to hold it in such position, it being particularlynoted that when the load is on, the gripping effect of the two opposedjaws |68 and |10 is at a maximum. In addition the saddle support may berotated around the cylinder I4 as an axis.

So also by the utilization of the pivotal mount- -ing |16 on the saddlesupport |66 the load receiving member |88 may be swung against thetension of the spring |81 to a downward position, and there is alsocombined with this pivoted saddle the depending chain and hook mechanismwhich may be utilized as a means for pulling effect by attaching it toan article to be pulled and then operating the hydraulic mechanism toraise the load saddle |18.

Obviously the invention is not limited to the specic details ofconstruction disclosed herein but is capable of other modifications andchanges without departing from the spirit and scope of the appendedclaims.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. An hydraulic jack including in combination a base, an elongated strutmounted on and upstanding from said base to a suiiicient height that thetop of the strut will extend above the bumper of an automobile, anelongated sleeve of suiiicient length to enclose a substantial portionof the strut and forming with the upper portion of the strut a ramcylinder, a head mounted upon and secured to the upper portion of saidsleeve, means rigidly mounted on the top of said head and rigidlyupstanding therefrom and forining a liquid reservoir, the top portion ofsaid reservoir means having a load lifting portion and 'being otherwiseunobstructed so that the load lifting portion may underlie and contact aload to be lifted, strut means supported from said head and enclosedwithin said reservoir for rigidly supporting the top of said loadlifting portion from said head, said head having an internal boreterminating on the outer face of said head, said bore being disposed atan angle to the longitudinal central axis of said sleeve, a highpressure pump cylinder having one end mounted in said bore, a piston insaid pump cylinder, there being means operably mounted with respect tosaid piston for reciprocating the same from a position adjacent saidhead, and said head including internal liquid carrying passages andports interram cylinder and said reservoir.

2. An hydraulic jack including in combination a base, a strut mounted onand upstanding from said base to a suflicient height that the top ofthe: strut will yextendabove the bumper'of an autumnbile, an .elongatedsleeve of sufficient length to enclose a substantial portion of thestrut and forming with the upper portion of the strut a ram cylinder, arigid head .mounted upon and secured tothe upper portion of saidsleeve,.means rigidly mounted on the top of said head and .rigidlyupstanding therefrom and forming a liquid reservoir, the top portion ofsaid means rhaving a load lifting portion and being otherwiseunobstructed so that the load lifting portion may underlie and contact aload to be lifted, means dis- ;posed axially of said reservoirrigidifying said load lifting portion of saidreservoir, said head havinga main bore `disposed* therein at an angle with respect to thelongitudinal central axis of the ram sleeve, 'spaced internal portionsof said bore providing spaced valve seats, valves' normally closing saidseats, a passage interconnecting a portion of said bore with thereservoir, and another passage connecting another portion of said borewith the ram cylinder, a Arelease valve adjustably mounted in said boreand a passage connecting said release valve with said reservoir Yandwith said bore, a high pressure pump cylinder associated with said head,a piston reciprocating therein, means disposed on said head forreciprocating-said pump piston, and a passage in said head connectingsaid high pressure pump cylinder with said bore.

3. An hydraulic `jack including in combination a base, a strut mountedon and upstandingfrom said base to a sufficient height that the top ofthe strut willA extend above the bumper of an automobile, an elongatedsleeve of sufficient length to enclose a substantial portion of thestrut and forming with the upper portion of the strut a ram cylinder, ametallic head mounted upon and secured to the upper portion of saidsleeve,

' means rigidly mounted on the top of said head and rigidlyupstandingtherefrom and forming a liquid reservoir, rigidifyingelongated strut extending upwardly in supported relationffrom the headand substantially axially of the reservoir for supporting a load liftingportion, the top portion of said means having a load lifting portion andbeing otherwise unobstructed so that the load lifting portion mayunderlie and contact ka load 'to be lifted, said head having a boreformed therein terminating on the outside wall of the head,

Ya high pressure pump cylinder mounted 'insaid bore and extendingoutwardly of the head, a piston reciprocable in said pump cylinder andextending beyond the outer end of said cylinder, a bracket fastenedrigidly to said head and being formed with a pivot, a link pivotallylmounted tosaid bracket, a handle socket pivotally mounted on the outerend of said link, and a handle associated with said socket foroscillating said handle Vwhereby to reciprocate said pump piston, vsaidhead having ported and valved means internally thereof interconnectingthe high pressure .pump cylinder with the ram cylinder and with thereservoir, and release valve means associated with said head forlikewise interconnecting the ram cylinder with said reservoir.

4. An hydraulic jack including in combination a base, a strut mounted onand upstanding from said base to a sufficient height that the top of thestrut will extend above Athe bumper of an automobile, an elongatedsleeve of sufficientk length.

to encloseia substantial portion of the strut and forming with the upperportion of the strut' a V:ram cylinder, a metallic head` mounted uponand secured Ytothe upper portion of said sleeve, a cylindrical Vsleeverigidlymounted vcn thetcp of said head and upstanding therefrom, arelatively rugged post centrally mounted on the top portion of' saidhead and upstanding therefrom in spaced relation from said cylindricalsleeve, a relatively rigid cap mounted upon the upper end of said postand clampingly engaging said cylindrical sleeve between said cap andsaidghead whereby the space within said cylindrical sleeve forms aliquid containing reservo-ir, said cap having its top formed as a loadlifting member, a high pressure pump cylinder mounted upon said head, aplurality of passages formed in said head and interconnecting the highvpressure pump cylinder with the reservoir and with the ram cylinder, anda release valve associated with said head .and

ad-justably .interconnecting or disconnecting said ram cylinder withsaid reservoir.

5. Inan hydraulic jack, the combination of a base, elongated, relativelyshiftable members mounted upon .said base and forming a ram piston and aram cylinder, one of which is stationary, a `metallic head carried bytheupper end of one of said members, a sleeve forming a liquidcontaining reservoir mounted uponand upstanding from the top of saidhead, a rigid diskV closing the outer upper end of said sleeve yandforming a load lifting support, said support being otherwiseunobstructed whereby said load disk may be inserted under a 'loadandupon elevation thereof will contact and raise said load, a rigidifyingstrut'havin'g itsopposed ends threadedly engaging bores formedin saidhead and disk for holding said disk and sleeve and strut inrigidassembled relation, said head being provided withinternalpassages-and valve-means associated there- With interconnecting saidreservoir with'saidram cylinder, a high pressure pump mounted upon saidlhead and including a cylinder, a piston therein, and means located onsaid head for operating said piston, said head including in- -ternalvalvedpassages interconnecting the high -pressurefpump cylinder with thereservoir and -with the ram cylinder, and a release valve associatedwith said head, said release valve having means in said' head connectingto said reservoir and to said ram cylinder.

l6. A`n hydraulic jack comprising a base, an elongated strut mountedupon `and upstanding `from said base, an elongated sleeveconcentri'cally surrounding said strut andV extending'upwardly therefromand Vhaving a relatively smooth external surface, ahead rigidly mountedon the upperend of 'saids'leeve and forming withth'e Vinterior upperportion of 'said sleeve, a ram cylinlder chamber, means'mounted upon'thetop 0f Iand upstanding from said' headforming a liquid lcontainingreservoir,V a high pressure pump mounted upon said head, meansassociated with said pump for operating the piston thereof, .valved.and'ported'means formed in said head for interconnecting the reservoirwith the ram cylinder and vwith the 'high vpressure pump, a releasevalve formed-in said head and interconnecting said ram cylinder and saidreservoir, a load lifting saddle support-having portions embracing saidsleeve andslidable therealong, the internalwa-lls of said embracingsupport providing substantially Ydiametrally opposed gripping jaws whichare .spaced aparty in -a direction longitudinally of. the axis of saidsleeve, said gripping jaws beingl positioned relatively close 'togetheron opposite sides of said embracing Vsupport the internal walls of saidembracing support being formed to permit a v-lateralgtilting ofsaidembracing support kon :outer relatively-smoothewalls-of saidsleevewhereby in one laterally tilted position said jaws are adapted togrip said sleeve andmaintain said embracing support in adjusted positionrelatively `thereon while in another adjusted position said embracingsupport is adapted to slide freely along said sleeve, and means forminga Work holding surface mounted upon said embracing support.

7. An hydraulic jack comprising a base, an elongated rod mounted uponand upstanding from said base, an elongated embracing supportconcentrically surrounding said rod and extending upwardly therefrom andhaving a relatively smooth external surface, a head mounted on the upperend of said sleeve and forming with the interior upper portion ofsaid'sleeve a ram cylinder chamber, means mounted upon the top of saidhead forming a liquid containing reservoir, a high pressure pump mountedupon said head, means associated with said pump for operating the pistonthereof, valved and ported means formed in said head for interconnectingthe reservoir with the ram cylinder and with the high pressure pump, arelease valve formed in said head and interconnecting said ram cylinderand said reservoir, a load lifting support embracing said sleeve andslidable therealong, the internal walls of said support providingsubstantially diametrally opposed relatively sharp sleevebiting andgripping jaws which are spaced apart in a direction longitudinally f theaxis of said sleeve, said gripping jaws being positioned relativelyclose together on opposite sides of said embracing support the internalwalls of said support being formed to permit a lateral tilting of saidsupport on outer walls of said sleeve whereby in one laterally tiltedposition said jaws are adapted to bite into and grip said sleeve andmaintain said support in adjusted position relatively thereon while inanother adjusted position said support is adapted to slide freely alongsaid sleeve, and a load support pivotally mounted on said embracingsupport, said load support being shiftable 'to various positions' toadapt it to various bumpers.

8. An hydraulic jack comprising a base, an

elongated rod mounted upon and upstanding from said base, an elongatedsleeve concentrically suriupon said head, means associated with saidpump for operating the piston thereof, valved and ported means disposedin said head for interconnecting the reservoir with the ram cylinder'and with the high pressure pump, a release valve disposed on said headand interconnecting said ram cylinder and said reservoir, a load lifting`saddle support comprising an elongated sleeve surrounding said firstmentioned sleeve and slidable therealong, the internal walls of saidelongated sleeve providing substantially diametrally opposed relativelysharp sleeve-biting and gripping jaws which are spaced apart in adirection longitudinally of the axis of Said elongated sleeve, said jawsbeing also positioned relatively close together on opposite sides ofsaid elongated sleeve the internal walls of said elongated sleeve beingformed to permit alateral tilting of saidelongated sleeve on outer wallsof said first mentioned sleeve whereby in one laterally tilted positionsaid jaws are adapted to grip said first mentioned sleeve from saidbase, an elongated sleeve concentrically surrounding said strut andextending upwardly therefrom and having a relatively smooth exterior, ahead mounted on the upper end of said sleeve and forming with theinterior upper portion of said sleeve, a ram cylinder chamber, meansmounted upon the top of said head forming a liquid containing reservoir,a high pressure pump mounted upon said head, means associated'with saidpump for operating the piston thereof, valved and ported means disposedin said head for interconnecting the reservoir with the ram cylinder andwith thel high pressure pump, a release valve disposed on said head andinterconnecting said ram cylinder and said reservoir, a load liftingsaddle comprising a second elongated sleeve surrounding said iirstmentioned sleeve and slidable therealong, the internal walls of saidsecond sleeve providing substantially diametrally opposed sharpsleeve-biting and gripping jaws which are spaced apart in a directionlongitudinally of the axis of said sleeve, said jaws being alsopositioned relatively close together on opposite sides of said secondsleeve the internal walls of said second sleeve being formed to permit alateral tilting of said second sleeve on outer walls of said firstsleeve whereby in one laterally tilted position said jaws are adapted togrip said first sleeve and maintain saidsecond sleeve in adjustedposition relatively thereon while in another adjusted position saidsecond sleeve is adapted to slide freely along said first sleeve, and aload holder pivotally mounted von said second sleeve, said load holderbeing pivotally shiftable to a position to remove it from`load receivingposition, said load receiving holder being slotted. a chain disposed insaid slot and depending downwardly therefrom to a position alongside thelength of said first sleeve.

10. An hydraulic jack including in combination a base, a strut mountedon and Yupstanding from said base toa suiiicient height that the top ofthe strut will extend above the bumper rod of an automobile, anelongated first sleeve of suiicient length to enclose a 'substantialportion of the strut and forming with the upper portion of the strut aram cylinder, a head rigidly mounted upon the upper end of saidelongated first sleeve providing, with the upper end of said strut, aram cylinder chamber, the top portion of said head having a countersunkshoulder formed thereon and a central internally threaded bore, anelongated reservoir forming sleeve having its lower end resting in saidannular shoulder, a relatively rigid cap having an annular shoulder onits outer lower wall to engage the upper end of said last mentionedsleeve, the underside of said cap being provided with an internallythreaded bore and the top surface of Said cap being formed to vprovide aload receiving seat, and an elongated rigid second strut having its axislying in the axis of the first mentioned strut and having its upper andlower ends threadedly engaging the threads of the bores of said head andsaid cap for clamping the reservoir forming sleeve between said head andsaid Cap, said sleeve, cap and head forming a reservoir for thereception of an hydraulic liquid.

l1. A hydraulic jack comprising in combination a base, an upright strutmounted on the base, a member movable relatively to the upright member,and means fol` moving the strut and member relatively, said secondmember having a smooth outer surface, and a load lifting sleeve havingan inner wall embracing the smooth surfaced member, said inner wallproviding opposed relatively sharp edged jaws spaced longitudinally ofthe sleeve, said opposed jaws being formed relatively close together onopposite sides of said sleeve, the bore of the sleeve member surroundingsaid smooth surfaced member including counter sunk portions disposed inassociation with'the jaws to permit the load lifting member to tiltrelatively to the smooth surfaced member whereby to slide freelytherealong to various positions of adjustment or alternatively to causethe jaw portions to bite into said smooth surfaced portion to hold saidload lifter in load lifting adjusted position.

12. A jack comprising in combination a base, an elongated strut mountedon and upstanding from the base, an elongated sleeve shiftablevertically along said strut, said sleeve having an outer smooth wall, aload lifting member including a shorter elongated sleeve embracing saidsmooth wall and having a bore provided with relief portions spaced fromsaid smooth wall and other portions more closely fitting said wall thansaid relief portions, the inner wall of the bore f said shorter sleevebeing cut formed with countersunk portions providing relatively sharpspaced jaws, said jaws being spaced longitudinally of the sleeve butplaced thereon relatively close together on opposite sides of saidsleeve whereby tilting of said shorter sleeve relatively to said sleeveshifts the shorter sleeve so that the load lifter may be slid freelyalong said sleeve or to cause the jaws of said shorter sleeve portion tobite the sleeve and grip the same.

13. A jack comprising in combination a base, a strut mounted onandupstanding from the base, an elongated sleeve shiftable verticallyalong said strut, said sleeve having an outer smooth wall, a loadlifting member including a shorter sleeve embracing said wall and havinga bore provided with relief portions spaced from said smooth wall andother portions more closely fitting said wall than said relief portions,the inner wall of the bore of said shorter sleeve being provided withspaced relatively sharp biting jaws,

said jaws being spaced longitudinally of the slee'v but positionedthereon relatively close together on opposite sides of said sleevewhereby tilting of said shorter sleeve relatively to said smooth wall ofsaid elongated sleeve shifts the shorter sleeve so that the shortersleeve may be slid freely along said elongated sleeve or to cause thejaws of said shorter sleeve to bite the smooth wall of said elongatedsleeve and grip the same and wherein said shorter sleeve is turnableabout the axis 4of said elongated sleeve as an aXis.

14. A jack comprising a raisable element having an outer smooth surfaceof circular cross section, a work holder support comprising an elongatedsleeve having inner wall portions formed by cutting away the metal ofsaid wall to provide relatively sharp biting jaws disposed relativelyclose together, but on substantially dia` metrically opposite sides ofsaid sleeve bore to provide integrally relatively sharp and spacedgripping jaws, said sleeve being tiltable to slide freely along saidsmooth surface and tiltable in another direction to cause said jaws tobite into said smooth surface to grip the same, said work holder sleevebeing axially turnable about said smooth surface to various positions ofadjustment, and a saddle member pivotally mounted about a horizontalaxis on said work holder sleeve and having a bumper receiving socket ofsomewhat V-shaped conformation adapted to receive the bottom of a bumperin the bottom of the V and having another wall portion spaced above saidbottom of the V for engaging a portion of a bumper above the bottom edgeof the bumper.

JOSEPH J. MUELLER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Great Britain Nov. 22, 1937

